Mapuche
From Age of Empires
The Mapuche in Age of Empires III are an agriculturally based tribe from South America, particularly southern Chile and Argentina. Found in: Araucania
Trains: Mapuche Ironwood Clubman and offers the following improvements:
Mapuche Ad-mapu Cost: 250 wood, 250 coin
All units cost - 20% coin
Comments: Very usefull if your are going to hire Mercenaries from Saloon or Monastery or if you are planning to use Artillery, cutting 10% off from your military costs.
Mapuche Tactics Cost: 200 Food, 200 wood
Gives infantry 50% more attack against buildings
Mapuche Treaty of Quillin
Cost: 225 Food, 225 Wood
Ships a crate of 100 coin every two minutes for half hour
[edit] Combos
Mapuche work good with any European Civilization if you plan to use mercenaries, but they work specially good with German and Spanish
German
Doppelsoldner, Uhlan and War Wagon have high coin costs, with the Mapuche Ad-mapu technology they will become cheaper. Mapuche Tactics helps you to increase the amount of siege the Doppelsoldners do.
Spanish
Due to their civilazition bonus, they can afford the use of more cards, like Dance Hall that allows you to hire powerful Ronin at the Saloon and with Mapuche Ad-mapu technology you can lower their price, while you make their siege attack 50% higher with the use of Mapuche Tactics.
[edit] Real Info
History
They fought in the longest war of the World, the Arauco War, that lastest 350 years, from 1536 to 1883-85, first against the Spanish and then Against the armies of Chile and Argentina. Before that, they were the ones that stopped the advance of the Inca Empire to the south, in the Battle of Maule.
In 1641, the spaniard signed with the mapuches the treaty of Quillin that recognize the mapuches as a free nations, even thought the war continued until the 19th century.
The losses for the Spanish army in the Arauco war were more than the losses in all the rest of the conquest of américa combined. This is the reason why the General Capitancy of Chile gained the epitaph of "the Spanish soldier's cemetery of the America"
The great bravery of the mapuches was recognized by their enemies, as it is stated in the word of Pedro de Valdivia, conqueror of Chile, who had a recognized participation in the Italians Wars and the Flanders campaing. In his correspondence to the King Charles V he wrote:
"Have warred with men of many nations, but never have seen such fighting tenacity as is displayed by these Indian.
Tecniques
The mapuches used a big variety of weapons but they relay mainly on maces, spear, axes, bow and arrows, and bolas, they also used leather breastplates.They decided wisely the background to fight depending of the condition of their enemy. They were very adaptable in their warfare and techniques and soon they adapted the weapons carried by the Spanish, such musket and metal armor. They adapted the use of horse very quickly too, using it in big scale in 1568 and they were the first native group in america to use Artillery. By the XVI and XVII century they organized their cavarly forces in to types, Winitufe, Ranged Cavalry, and Malalkawello,Melee Cavalry to surround quickly the enemy. In battle, Infantry advanced in the centre and cavalry on the wings.
During the combat one line of soldier armed with spears would be displayed as first line to stop enemy cavalry, with a second line of axes and maces if they need to fight in melee and after that archers and bolas throwers. They also developed a relay system similar to the roman one, in which a group of soldiers would replace the one that was fighting after certain time to keep the army fresh during all the combat.
If the spanish army was carrying gun and canyons, they preffer to fight during rainy days so gun powder will not work, or using guerrilla tactics.
As steward says in his Handbook of South American Indians, they used "trenches protected with thorn branches, pitfall and ditches with sharp stakes at the bottom" to stop cavalry. The creation of palisades and log fort was also common.
Pacification of Araucanía and Campaing of the Dessert
The Mapuches were finaly defeated in 1883-5 by the combined effort of the armies of Chile and Argentine, that have at that time very modern weapons, and in the case of Chile high moral and exaltations as they were just returning victorious from the Pacific War.
During this process many mapuches were killed and the ones that survive were sent to reserves.
Nowdays
Despised during years by most of the population of Chile and Argentina, nowdays the goverments are trying to encourage the aceptance and preservation of this culture, and helping the mapuche to develop.
On the other side,the Mapuche claims their right on some territories protesting, making riots and by the seizure of agricultural fields and forestal land, mainly in the IX region of Chile.
[edit] Links
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